Revolving-jaw chuck



w. A. BARKER.

REVOLVING JAW CHUCK.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-191 19L). 1,373,789 Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Ear/3767 W. A. BARKER. REVOLVING .IAW CHUCK. APPLICATION FILEDNOV-$9.191?)- 13373389: Patented Apr- 5, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. A. BARKER. REVOLVING JAW CHUCK. APPLICATION FILED NOV- 19. 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

W. A. BARKER.

REVOLVING .IAW CHUCK.

APPLICATION mzo NOV. 19, 1919.

Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W. A. BARKER. REVOLVING JAW CHUCK. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 19, 1919.

1,373,789. Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEETSSHEET, 5-

UNITED stares WENDELL A. BARKER, OF ELKHART, INDIANA.

REVOLVING-JAW CHUCK.

Application filed November 19, 1919. Serial No. 339,080.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WENDELL A. BARKER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elkhart, in the county of Elkhart and State of Indiana,have'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Revolving-J awChucks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in chucks of that general typewherein the workholding elements of the chuck are so designed andconstructed that they may be moved bodily into and out of grippingengagement with the work, and may also be turned to a greater or lessextent so as to bring'different surfaces of the work into position to bemachined without the necessity of readjusting the work in the chuck aws.v

The general purposes or objects of-the present invention is to provide achuck of the revolving jaw type equipped with improved means by whichthe workholding elements may be indexed by the simple manipulation of ahand lever, and when indexed to the desired extent shall beautomatically locked in the new position.

Another object is to provide a chuck of the revolving jaw type wherein,through the use of interchangeableelements, which control and determinethe extent of the indexing movement, the work-holding elements maybeindexed to practically any desired extent within limits of a fewdegrees.

A still further object of the invention is to provide, in combinationwith the indexing and locking mechanism, a manually operable actuatingmechanism for said indexing mechanismbased upon the same principle ofoperation as that described in my former Patent No. 1,249,300, Dec. 11,1917, for eifecting'the' in andout radial -mo vements of the jaws of achuck either when the chuck is idle or when it is rotating.

Other more specific objects and advantages of the present invention willbe apparent to those skilled in the art as the same becomes betterunderstood by reference to the following detailed description and theaccompanying drawings, wherein I have illustrated one practicalembodiment of the principle of the invention and in wh1ch Figure 1 is anelevation, partly in vertical section, of'a chuck having a pair ofdiametrically opposedjaws, showing my improved revolving workholders andtheir in- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented A131. 5, 1921.

dexing mechanism, and the means for actu atlng said indexing mechanism;the workholders being shown in locked position;

Fig. 2, is a similar view, showing the workholder unlocked and indexedto another position; i

Fig. 3 is a front elevation tion, of the parts shown in taken on line3-3 of Fig.1.

Fig. 4; is a top view, looking downwardly on one'of the chuck jaws; Fig.5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1; 1

Fig. 6 is a detailed plan view of one of the notched indexing rings,designed to index the workholding elements of the jaws through onehundred and eighty degrees;

Fig. 7'. is a similar view of a substitute indexingring designed toindex the work-' holders through ninety degrees; 7

Fig. 8 is a perspective detail of the index: ing pins and theiractuating springs which cooperate with the rings shown in Figs. 6 and 7.v

Fig. 9 is a detail elevation of the revolving workholder or jaw clamp;and

Fig. 10 is a detail elevation, partly in vertical section, of a slidablemember which 1 looks and unlocks the revoluble workholder and carriesthe indexing pins shown in detail in Fig. 8.

1 Referring to the drawings, 5 indicates a spindle of a lathe upon whichthe hub 6 of a chuck body designated generally by reference character 7is threaded in the usual manner as. shown in Figs. 1 and 2. On the;

face of a chuck bodyare diametrically op;

posed pairs of radial slideways 8 (Figs. i and 5), ineach of which is,slidably mounted'a hollow j awcast-ing'designated as an entirety by 9.These jaw castings are actuated toward and from the axial line of thechuck body by a mechanism substantially I like that described inmy'former Patent 1,2d9,300,- aforesaid. Briefly describing thismechanism, surrounding the hub '6 of the chuck body is rotatably mounteda cam disk 10 in the face of which are a pair of cam grooves 11 thatareengaged by rollers 12 mounted on studs 13 whlch are tapped into the jawcastings 9 as clearly shown in Figs. I i

1 and 2, whereby a turning movement of the cam disk 10 1n one directionmoves the cam aws outwardly, and a turning movement of said disk in theopposite direction moves the cam jaws inwardly. On the hub suitablemeans to the outer end of the chuck hub 6 so as to rotate therewith. Thegear 15 has a sleeve extension 17 on which and on the hub of the camdisk 10 just for-' wardly of the gear 14, is rotatably mounted a gearcage comprising a pair of rings 18 and 19 that are integrally spaced andconnected by crossbars. In this gear cage are mounted on pins 20 fourpairs of planet gears, each pair consisting of a gear 21 meshin with thegear 15 andagear 22 meshing witi the cam gear 14, said gears 21 and 22being independently journaledon the bearing pin 20. 23 designates astationary annular rear wall, the inner periphery of which fits over ashort hub 24: on the cage ring 18. The outer periphery of the stationarywall 23 is formed as a forwardly extending internal gear 26 meshing withthe planet gears 21. Mounted with capacity for a turning movement on thecage ring 19 is a ring, 27 provided on its upper side with a radiallyprojecting handle 28 by which said ring can be manually turned in eitherdirection. On the inner periphery of the ring 27 is an internal gear 29of the same size and number. of teeth as the internal gear 26 andmeshing with the planet gear 22.

A clamping nut or ring 30 is threaded on to the. rear end of the chuckhub 6 to pre-' vent accidental escape of the key 16 and to assist inuniting the parts and steadying the construction. Assuming now that thechuck is rotating, the gear 15 will be rotated with the hub 6 of thechuck and by reason of the intermeshing relation of the planet gears 21with the rotating gear 15 and the stationary internal gear 26, the gearcage will be rotated inv the same direction as the chuck but at a slowerspeed. As the gear cage rotates, carrying with it the planet gears 22,each of which meshes with the cam gear 14 and the internal gear 29 whichnormally is stationary relatively-to the internal gear 26, the cam disk10 will be rotated in the same direction as the chuck and at the samespeed. Since the jaw operating studs 13 are carried around by the chuckin the same direction and at the same speed as the cam disk, it is manifest that no relative movement cam disk and the studs takes place, andconsequently the jaws remain stationary relatively to the chuck body.When it is desired to open or close the chuck jaws, the handle 28 isswung toward or from the operator. This, through the internal gear 29either accelerates or retards the bodily travel of the planet gears 22,as a result of which a-relative turning movement of the cam disk 10either faster or slower than the between the flange 25 on which isformed an turning movement of the chuck body is set up, in consequenceof which, through the action of the cam groove 11 on the rollers orfollowers 12, the jaws are moved in wardly or outwardly during theswinging movement of the handle 28. At the conclusion of suchswingingmovement, the

jaws at once become stationary relatively to the chuck body.

actuating the indexing mechanism of the revolving workholders or clampsmounted in and carried by the radially movable aws of the chuck, andthis actuating mechanism will next be described.

Referring to igs. 1 and 2, 31 designates a ring gear of the same sizeand number-of teeth as the gears 14 and-15 and revolubly.

ofmy mecha-I like that disclosed patent above referred to,-

mounted on the hub 6 between the latter. This gear 31 meshes with planetgears 32 which are journaled on the pins 20 between the planet gears 21and 22. These planet gears 32 in turn mesh with an internal gear 33formed on a ring 341 which is mounted with capacity for turning movementon the stationary relative movement of the gear ring 31 to the same waythat ma- 28 effects relative hub of the chuck in the nipulation of thehandle movement of the cam disk 10 to the hub of the chuck. Integralwith the ring 31 is a annular rear wall 23, and is pro- ,Vlded on itsupper side with a radially pro- 35, by which said ring'can handle 35 isswung in one direc sleeve 36 that has-extended bearings on'thef hub 6 ofthe chuck and lies betweenthe lat ter and the hub of the cam disk 10;The

free end of the sleeve 36 is formed as a gear ring 37 ,best'shown inFig. 5.

luble elements of the chuck jaws, which I clamps, 38 designatesa'circular disk or plate that slidably fits the inner wall of the lowerportion of the hollow jaw casting 9 and is formed on its lower face witha jdiametric groove or channel 39 designed to receive the false jawsusually. employed in revolving jaw chucks for engaging with the work. On

, 12o Passing now to a description of the revohave termed the revolubleworkholders or and preferably integral with the plate or disk 38 is acentral vertical stem comprising a lower portion 40, an intermediatereduced portion 41 providing an annular shoulder 42 (Fig. 9) at theupper end of the lower portion 40, and an upper reduced'threaded aportion 43. On the disk 38 is an upstanding circular flange 44, on theupper edge of which are formed a circular row of substantiallyrectangular teeth 45. Inthe flange 44 are a series, herein shown asfour, of oblique slots 46 extending from the uppertoothed edge of theflange to approximately its midheight, andall being inclined in the samedirection. This-member shown in isolated detail in Fi 9 is rotatablymounted within the hollow aw casting9; the intermediate portion 41 ofits stem being journaled in a bearing sleeve 47 that isexternallythreaded ingiil.

urroundmg. the circular flange 44 is a wide gear ring 52, which mesheswith and is.

driven by the large gear ring 37, as most clearly shown in Fig. 5. Thisring carries four inwardly projecting radial studs 53- which lie withinthe oblique slots .46 of the flange 44. Within the flange 44 andnonrotably and removably secured thereto by a pair of oppositelydisposed pins or studs 54, is an indexing ring 55, shown in detail inFigs. 6 and 7. This. rin has on its inner periphery a groove or c annel56 formed with an oblique upper wall, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Thisring is further provided with a plurality of vertical notches 57extending from the upper side of the ring through the upper wall of thegroove or channel 56. These indexing rings constitute removable andinterchangeable elements of the machine, and the notches 57 may bespaced',within practical limits, any where from five degrees to onehundred and. eighty degrees apart, dependingupo'n the angular extent towhich any given piece of work may require to be indexed. In 'Fig. 6 Ihave shown the ring equipped with a pair of notches 57 located onehundred and eighty degrees apart. 'In Fig. 7 I have shown the ringequipped with four notches 57 located ninety degrees apart. Obviously,other rings may be used having notches spaced five degrees or anymultiple offive degrees apart. The spacing of these notches determinesthe angular extent to which the work isindexed at each indexingoperation.

mounted on the lower portion 40 of the Within the aw-housing and lyingmainly.

within the flange 44 of the work-clamp or jaw is a; device which has thefunction of locking the work-clamp or jaw in anyposition-to which' itmay have been indexed.

This device is shown in isolated detail in Fig. 10, and comprises thefollowing'parts,

58 designatesfa' cup shapedmember having 4 a central aperture 59 bywhich it is slidably i i stem of the revoluble work clamphorjaw."

The device 58 is provided on its upper edge with a radial flange. 60that, in the lowermost position of the device, overlaps the up per edgeof the large gear ring 52, as clearly shown. in Fig. 1. the under.sideofthe flange 60 is an annular row of depending gearteeth 61 thatcooperate with the gear teeth 45 of theflange 44 in a manner hereinafterdescribed. A coil spring 62 surrounding the lower portion4O of thestemof the'revoluble jaw and, confined endwise between the thrust bearing 51and the bot I tom of the cup shaped member 58 normally urges the lattertoward its lowermost position shown in Fig. 1. The base-ofthe cup shapedmember 58 is formed with a pair ofoppositely disposed slideways 63, and.with anannular groove 64 in the wall of the cen; tral hole 59. Withintheslideways 63; .are

'mounted'apairof pins 65, shown iniiso lateddetail in Fig. 8, these pins65 having of the jaw shown in Fig.1 liein thegroove or channel 56 ofthe'ring 55, and in the un-- locked position of the jaw shown in Fig. 2rest pointed ends 65 that,in'the locked'position I upon the upper side.of said ring. The pins I 65 are connected and normally urged out wardlyby an elastic spring ring 66 that is I j seated in the annular groove64. Tapped into the flange 60 of the locking member 58 are a series ofvertical pins 67 that slidably engage with vertical holes in the upperportion of the a-w casting, as clearly shown in I Fig. 3, to hold thelocking member 58jnon rotatable, while permitting a limited outward andinward movement thereof.

Describing the operation of the complete f apparatus,-when a piece ofwork is to be placed in the jaws of the chuck, false jaws (not shown) ifnecessitated; by the size of the work, are fitted-in the cross groovesorchannels, 39 of the revoluble jaw, and the 11 handle 28 is swung intheproper direction Inent of the jaws upon-the work. This may to effect aninward or work-clamping move- I be done eitherwhen the chuck is idle or.

the work presented to the cutting tool of" the lathe has beensufficiently machined, and

when it is rotating. When the surface of j it is desired to machineanother surface of thework, the handles35is pushed in a clirection fromthe observer viewing Fig.1, andthls causes a rotation of the gear rings;

. 37 and'52 in;a direction toward the oh;

' In practice, an adjustment of approximately server at the point wheresaid-gears mesh. As the gear ring 52' rotates, the pins or studs 53carried thereby ride upwardly in the'cam slots 46 of the flange le,thereby causing the ring 52 to rise bodily and carry? with it thelocking member 58 to release position, 'this position of the parts beingshown in Fig. '2. As the locking member 58 rises,'compressing the spring62, the sliding pins 65 are forced inwardly by reason of the inclinedupper side of the annular groove 56 of the ring '55 until, when thepoints of said-pins have passed'abo've' the ring 55, the spring 66forces them out wardly into overlapping relation with the ring 55, asshown in Fig. 2. The revolving jaw is now unlocked, and read to'beindexed to the next 'position. T is is done by swinging the handle lever35 in the opposite direction 'or toward the observer viewing Fig; 1,which sets up a rotation of i ends 65 of the pins 65. The ends of the"said pins thereupon drop into and through the notches 57, and thislowers the locking device 58 to a point at which theupper row of teeth61 come to rest upon thelower row of teeth 45; and thereupon a' slightadditional rotation "of the jaw brings'the lower teeth 45 into fullregister with the spaces between the upper teeth 61, and the locking"device drops slightly farther to a point at which the two rows of teethare fully interlocked and the points 65' of the pins 65 lie on thebottom wall of the annular groove or channel 56 slightly beyond thenotches 57 through which they' dropped. If the ring 55 has only a pairof indexing notches '57,

as shown in Fig. 6, the work will be in-' dexed through onehalf arevolution, or one hundred and eighty degrees. If the ring has fourindexing notches spaced ninety degrees apart, as shownin Fig. 7 the'jawwill shownQit is practical to employ indexing bearing sleeve 47 for therevoluble jaw is to make a small allowance for adjustment to correct anymismeasurement in making the false jaws to fit thepiece to be'mach'ined.

one fourth of an inch is sufficient, and the adjustment is effected byloosening the lock nut 47', applying a spanner to the bearing sleeve 47,adjusting the latter inwardly or index the j V V modifications as fallwithin the be indexedthrough nlnetyfdegrees. With, the indexingandlocking mechanism herein outwardly to the required extent, andthenftightening'up thelock-nut l7. V 1

From the foregoing it will be seenthat by the useof this invention, itis possible to rotate the work so as to bring a new stir-" face inposition to beinac'hined by the sijmi plemanlpulation of thehandle lever35mmwithout stopping the rotation of the spindle",

or chuck. So far as Iam' aware,fthere'has heretofore been no meansforeffecting thisj'75 turning movement of the "revolublework" clamps orjaws except i t after the'chu'ck has been stopped anda 100k:-

bolt withdrawn, or a thumb 'latchpper zz j; V p by hand'to allow the'work clam p a revolve. By the use of my" present inven tlon no wrenchor other tool is required-to 'aws, nor is it evennecessaryto' stop therotation of the chuck "Bymerely swinging the'handlelever 35in onedir'ec-" tion, the locking device of the 'ievolving"; jaw 1s retracted,and by then swinging the] 'sald handle'lever in the reverse directionthe jaw is indexed to the required or desired I extent and automatlcallyrelocked in itsnewfQ position. j j j I From the foregoingfdescriptionitwill be seen that in my present" invention I have) not onlyprovidedasimple"and"e'flective means for indexing a pair of revol'uble ibs" chuckjaws through the manipulation of a single hand lever whether "the chuckbe rotating or idle, butI' have also combined such a mechanism in ac'onvenient' manner with a lever operated 'mechanismfor 'effecting theradial worl'r-gripping and releasing" movements of the jawssubstantially like that disclosed in my'former, patent above referredto, thereby extendingthe benefits and advantages of the jaw actuatingmecha- 1 nism of the said patent to chucks of'the revolving jaw type.

It will be evident'to those skilled in the art that the specificmechanism herein shown and described may be modified and varied-l indetail withoutdeparting from the operative principle involvedorsacrificing any of the advantages inherent in the invention. Hence, Ireserve all such variations and purview of the appended claims.

I claim I Y 1. In a chuck of the character described, the combination ofa rotatable chuck body,

a radiallymovable aw housing mounted on 1720 said chuck body, arotatable jaw mounted in said housing and formed with an annular row ofteeth on its outer side, a locking member for said jawv shdablygmountedin 'said housing andv formed jwith an annular tatable'member mounted insaid housing and 130 spirit and serving when turned in one direction toretract said locking member and when turned in the opposite direction toindex said jaw to a new position, and manually operable means mounted onsaid chuck body for actuating said rotatable member in both directions.

2. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatablechuck body, a radially movable jaw housing mounted on said chuck body, arotatable jaw mounted in said housing, a locking device for said jawslidably mounted in said housing, a

spring normally urging said locking device into locking engagement withsaid jaw, a rotatable member'mounted in said housing and serving whenturned in one direction to retract said locking device and when turnedin the opposite direction to index said jaw to a new position, manuallyoperable means mounted on said chuck body for actuating said rotatablemember in both directions, and cooperating means carried by said jaw andsaid locking device serving to hold the latter inoperative during theindexing movement and to determine the extent of the indexing movement.

3. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatablechuck body, a hollow aw housing mounted on said chuck body, a rotatablejaw mounted in said housing, means for moving said housing radially ofsaid chuck body, a rotatable gear ring surrounding and drivinglyconnected to said jaw, a sleeve rotatably mounted on said chuck bodyco-axially with the latter and formed on oneend with a gear ring meshingwith said first-named gear rlng, and manually operable means mounted onsaid chuck, body for turning said sleeve.

4:. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of arotatable chuck body, a hollow jaw housing mounted on said chuck body, arotatable jaw mounted in said housing, means for moving said housingradially of said chuck body, a locking member for said jaw slidablymounted in said housing and movable into and out of locking engagementwith said jaw, a rotatable gear ring surrounding said jaw, said gearring when turned in one direction operating to retract, said lockingmember and when turned in v the opposite direction operating to indexsaid jaw, a sleeve rotatably mounted on said chuck body co-axially withthe latter and formed on one end with a gear ring meshing with saidfirst-named gear ring, and manually operable means mounted on said chuckbody for turning said sleeve.

5. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatablechuck body, a hollow jaw housing mounted on said chuck body, a rotatablejaw mounted in said housing and formed with an annular fiange pro slot,a locking member slidably mounted in said housing and formed with teethadapted to interlockingly engage with the toothed upper edge of saidflange and with a flange overlying said gear ring, a spring normallyurging said locking member into locking position, and means mounted onsaid chuck body for actuating said gear ring in one direction to retractsaid locking member and in the opposite direction to' index said jawto-a new position.

6. In a chuck of the character described,-

the combination of a rotatable chuck body, a hollow jaw housing mountedon said chuck body, a rotatable jaw mounted in said hous-' ing andformed with an annular flange provided with a cam slot and a toothedupper edge, a gear ring surrounding said flange and carryinga studengaged with said cam slot, a locking member slidably mounted in saidhousing and formed with teeth adapted to interlockingly engage with thetoothed edge of said flange and with a flange overlying said gear ring,a spring normally urging said locking member into locking .position,means mounted on said chuck body for actuating said gear ring in. onedirection to retract said locking member and in the opposite directionto index said jaw to a new position, and cooperating means carried bysaid jaw and said locking device serving to hold'the latter inoperativeduring the indexing movement and to determine the extent of the indexingmovement.

7. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a hollowjaw housing, a jaw rotatably mounted in said housing and formed with anannular flange provided with a cam slot and toothed upper edge, a gearring surrounding said flange and carrying a studengaged with said camslot, a. j

locking member slidably mounted in said mounted in said locking deviceand having their outer ends lying in the groove of said indexing ring,said pins overlying and rest- 1 ing upon said indexlng ring when saidlock- I ing device is retracted and cooperating with said notches todetermine the extent of indexing movement of said jaw.

WENDELL A. BARKER.

